Understanding Annuity Costs

There have been enough written and said about annuities to know that they do include certain costs that you wouldn’t ordinarily encounter with other types of investment products. Still, it is interesting that annuity critics try to illustrate cost disparities by comparing them with the other products. It’s not a fair comparison considering that annuities include many features and guarantees not found in other products, so there really is no equivalency. People buy annuities because they are looking for more guarantees, more safety, less taxes and, generally, more assurance that their savings or income will be there even if all heck break loose around them.  There is significant economic and psychic value to that proposition which, for many people, far outweighs the additional costs.

Value vs. Cost

Volumes have been written in attempts to define “value” in the context of consumer decision-making.  While no standard definition emerges, the consensus among consumer behaviorists is that it is formed individually as a perception based on a personal frame of reference.  Perceived value is enhanced when a person feels that the benefits he or she receives exceed the monetary sacrifice in terms of money, time, and energy.  Most experts agree that perceived value equates to an emotional payoff for the consumer, which, if it is high, will lead to a more favorable attitude towards a product or service.

As with any type of product, investment or otherwise, it is always important to weigh the costs against the value received.  Annuity costs are transparently presented to prospective buyers through sample annuity contracts and prospectuses. It is up to the prospective buyer to determine whether these additional costs are a fair exchange of value for the additional benefits they receive in their annuity investment.  Essentially, prospective buyers need to determine how valuable annuity features are in addressing their own concerns, preferences and priorities.

Questions of Value

For example, how important is it that my principal be protected for my family? Survivors of the market crash of 2008 may be asking themselves, “what if I had died and my family received just a fraction of my investment?” Annuity owners are assured that their family survivors will receive at least their principal investment, and in most cases, the gains in the account value regardless of the market performance.

How important is it that I can rely on a minimum amount of growth on my investment? Investors who struggled through the lost decade of 2000 to 2010 in which stocks returned an anemic 1.5%, probably wished they had a fixed annuity that returned, on average, 3.8%, or an indexed annuity that returned, on average, 4.6%.  And, looking into the uncertainty of the current market, they may be wishing for more stable returns.

How important is it for me to sleep at night knowing my principal is safe?  If you ask any of the customers of the more than 500 banks that failed in the economic crisis how well they slept, you may get stares from bloodshot eyes.  Life insurance companies are still the strongest and most financially stable of all financial institutions, and the regulations that govern their financial management are much stricter than those that apply to the banks.

How important that is it that I can count on an income that I can’t outlive? Just ask three out of four Baby Boomers who, by their own admission, are very concerned with the possibility of outliving their income.

Weighing the Costs

The perceived value of an annuity can only be measured by addressing these concerns.  With that, the costs can be considered in the context of the value received.

Mortality and Expense Charges: All annuities are essentially insurance contracts. They include a death benefit, and, in the case of an immediate annuity, a lifetime income guarantee. The mortality is the risk cost to the insurer in guaranteeing these benefits.  Additionally, the insurer deducts a portion to cover its administrative and marketing costs. The total mortality and expense charge typically ranges from 1 to 1.5 percent.

Investment Management Fees: With variable annuities, the accumulation account is comprised of separate investment accounts, similar to mutual funds. Fees are charged for the professional management of the accounts. As with mutual funds, the fees are higher for more actively managed accounts such as growth stock accounts. Fees range from .5 percent for bond accounts to 1.5% for aggressively managed accounts. These fees are generally in line with the fees charged in mutual fund accounts.

Surrender Charges: Even though investors look to annuities as long term investments, they take comfort knowing that, should their circumstances change, they can still access their funds if necessary. Deferred annuities include provisions which allow for annual withdrawals without charge if they don’t exceed 10% of the account values. Excess withdrawals are charged a surrender fee of 5% to 10% initially. The fees decline by one point each year of the contract, so that, at the end of the surrender period, there is no charge.  Long term investors with at least a seven to ten year time horizon can live with this, but there is value in knowing funds are available.

Optional Features and Guarantees: Annuities offer additional options that can enhance the guarantees, such as inflation riders, or principal step-up options. Generally, these options come at an additional cost. Consumers are used to evaluating extra features to determine if their value outweighs the costs.

Summary

Yes, annuities have costs, more so than other investment products. But they also provide economic value and psychic value not available in some of the other products. Consumers today are looking for greater emotional payoff in their investment products and they are savvy enough to measure the costs versus the long term payoff.  Some won’t perceive the value as great enough to outweigh the costs, while others will. That’s what the free market is all about.

Variable Annuities

There is a surrender charge imposed generally during the first 5 to 7 years that you own the contract. Withdrawals prior to age 59 ½ may result in a 10% IRS tax penalty, in addition to any ordinary income tax. The guarantee of the annuity is backed by the financial strength of the underlying insurance company. Investment sub-account values will fluctuate with changes in market conditions.

Investors should consider the investment objectives, risks and charges and expenses of the variable annuity carefully before investing. An investment in a variable annuity involves investment risk, including possible loss of principal. Variable annuities are designed for long-term investing. The contract, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than the total amount invested. Variable annuities are subject to insurance-related charges including mortality and expense charges, administrative fees, and the expenses associated with the underlying sub-accounts. The prospectus contains this and other information about the variable annuity. Contact your local financial advisor to obtain a prospectus, which should be read carefully before investing or sending money.

Although it is possible to have guaranteed income for life with a fixed annuity, there is no assurance that this income will keep up with inflation.  There is a surrender charge imposed generally during the first 5 to 7 years or during the rate guarantee period.

*This content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The information provided is not written or intended as tax or legal advice and may not be relied on for purposes of avoiding any Federal tax penalties. Individuals are encouraged to seek advice from their own tax or legal counsel. Individuals involved in the estate planning process should work with an estate planning team, including their own personal legal or tax counsel. Neither the information presented nor any opinion expressed constitutes a representation by us of a specific investment or the purchase or sale of any securities. Asset allocation and diversification do not ensure a profit or protect against loss in declining markets. This material was developed and produced by Advisor Websites to provide information on a topic that may be of interest. Copyright 2024 Advisor Websites.